Exponential Moving Average Strategy – How to Use the EMA in Forex Trading.
This is the second article in our EMA series. If you haven’t already we suggest that you check out the first article about the EMA Indicator. In that article, we covered the background of the “Exponential Moving Average”, or “EMA”, indicator, how it is calculated, and how it looks on a chart. The EMA was designed to smooth out the effects of price volatility and create a clearer picture of changing price trends. Traders use an EMA, sometimes in concert with another EMA for a different period, to signal confirmation of a change in price behavior.
The benefit of the EMA indicator is its visual simplicity. Traders can quickly assess the prevailing trend of price behavior from the direction of the EMA. Care must be taken since the EMA is a lagging indicator and may not adjust rapidly to volatility in the market. The EMA indicator will respond more rapidly than an SMA with similar settings since recent prices are given more weight.
How to Read an EMA Chart.
The EMA works best when there is a strong trend present over a long period as in the above “GBP/USD” 15-Minute chart. The EMA “Red” line follows the upward trend, lagging below and forming an angled support line until the trend begins to reverse its direction. The “lagging” tendency of this indicator is emphasized in the latter portion of the chart when prices fell very quickly. The period setting is “28” in the above chart. The “Blue” line EMA has a setting of “13” and reacts more quickly. False signals will prevail if an EMA is used in a ranging or sideways trending market, especially one with a short setting.
The key points of reference are when the EMA crosses over the pricing candlesticks or another EMA. If prices are going up and a crossover occurs, that is viewed as a “Buy” signal, and vice-versa.
As with any technical indicator, an EMA chart will never be 100% correct. False signals can occur, but the positive signals are consistent enough to give a forex trader an “edge”. Skill in interpreting and understanding EMA alerts must be developed over time, and complementing the EMA tool with another indicator is always recommended for further confirmation of potential trend changes.
In the next article on the EMA indicator, we will put all of this information together to illustrate a simple trading system using EMA analysis.
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A Simple Guide for Using the Popular Moving Averages in Forex.
Position Trading based on technical set ups, Risk Management & Trader Psychology.
-Why Moving Averages Are Popular.
-Who Uses Moving Averages.
-How You Can Use the Popular Moving Averages.
Make everything as simple as possible, but not simpler.
After many years of trading, you’ll be hard pressed to find an indicator as simple or effective as moving averages . Moving averages take a fixed set of data and give you an average price. If the average is moving higher, price is in an uptrend on at least one or possibly multiple time-frames.
Why Moving Averages Are Popular.
Chart Created by Tyler Yell, CMT.
Moving averages are simple to use and can be effective in recognizing trending, ranging, or corrective environments so that you can be better positioned for the next move. Often traders will use more than one moving average because two moving averages can be treated as a trend trigger. In other words, when the shorter moving average crosses above the slower moving average, like in the finger trap strategy, a buy signal is generated until the moving averages reverse or you hit your profit target.
One word of warning: it’s best to stick to a few specific moving averages. This will prevent you from trying to find the “perfect moving average” and rather keep you objective as to whether the trend is starting, accelerating, or slowing down.
The moving averages I often use are the 8, 21, 55 for trade triggers and a 100 or 200 for a clean trend filter. These moving averages are often used by investment banks however the 100 & 200 are the most widely used. The shorter moving average will depend on your preference and how many signals you’re looking to trade.
Who Uses Moving Averages.
Moving Averages are often the first indicator that new traders are introduced to and for good reason. It helps you to define the trend and potential entries in the direction of the trend. However, moving averages are also utilized by fund managers & investment banks in their analysis to see if a market is nearing support or resistance or potentially reversing after a significant period.
GBPUSD Traded Above the 200 DMA for 261 Days Showing Exhaustion.
Chart Created by Tyler Yell, CMT.
Moving averages can be a simple tool to define support and resistance in the FX Market. When a market is in a strong trend, any bounce off a moving average, like the first bounce off the 200-dma in the GBPUSD chart above, can present a significant opportunity to join the trend until price closes below the 200-dma. However, if price continues to move above and below the moving average in a short period of time, you’re likely in a range and those reversals are lest significant from a trading point of view.
How You Can Use the Popular Moving Averages.
There are many uses for moving averages but a simple system is to look for a moving average cross over. The moving average crossover looks for the short or faster moving average to cross above an already rising longer or slow moving average as a buy signal. When looking to sell a currency pair, you can look for the short or faster moving average to cross below a falling longer or slow moving average as a sell signal.
AUDUSD Has Shown Clean Moves Around the 21 & 55-dma.
Chart Created by Tyler Yell, CMT.
When looking to use moving averages, you’re ability to control downside risk will determine your success. It’s important to know that markets that were once trending, with very clean moving average signals, to a range with more noise than signals. If you can get comfortable with a specific set of moving averages, you can objectively analyze and trade the FX market week in and week out.
---Written by Tyler Yell, Trading Instructor.
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How To Use Moving Averages – Moving Average Trading 101.
Contents in this article.
Moving averages are without a doubt the most popular trading tools and indicators. Moving averages are a great tool if you know how to use them. Most traders, however, make some fatal mistakes when it comes to trading with moving averages. In this article, I show you what you need to know when it comes to choosing the type and the length of the perfect moving average and the 3 ways how to use moving averages when making trading decisions.
How to use moving averages – What you’ll learn:
What is the right moving average ? Choosing between the EMA and the SMA Finding the perfect moving average length for your trading The best moving average for swing trading and day trading Finding trend direction and filtering trades Moving averages as support and resistance Bollinger Bands and moving averages.
Step 1: What is the best moving average? EMA or SMA?
At the beginning, all traders ask themselves whether they should use the EMA (exponential moving average) or the SMA (simple/smoothed moving average). The differences between the two are usually subtle, but the choice of the moving average can make a big impact on your trading. Here is what you need to know:
#1 The differences between EMA and SMA.
There is really only one difference when it comes to EMA vs. SMA and it’s speed . The EMA moves much faster and it changes its direction earlier than the SMA. The EMA gives more weight to the most recent price action which means that when price changes direction, the EMA recognizes this sooner, while the SMA takes longer to turn when price turns.
#2 Pros and cons – EMA vs SMA.
There is no better or worse when it comes to EMA vs. SMA. The pros of the EMA are also its cons – let me explain what this means.
The EMA reacts faster when price is changing direction, but this also means that the EMA is also more vulnerable when it comes to giving wrong signals too early. For example, when price retraces during a rally, the EMA will start turning down immediately and it can signal a change in direction way too early. The SMA moves much slower and it can keep you in trades longer when there are false and short-lived price movements. But, of course, this also means that the SMA gets you in trades later than the EMA.
In the end, it comes down to what you feel comfortable with and what your trading style is (see next points) . The EMA gives you more and earlier signals, but it also gives you more false and premature signals. The SMA provides less and later signals, but also less wrong signals.
In my trading (click here to read about my trading system) , I use an SMA because it allows me to stay in trades longer as a swing trader.
Step 2: What is the best period setting?
After choosing the type of your moving average, traders ask themselves which period setting is the right one that gives them the best signals?!
There are two parts to this answer: first, you have to choose whether you are a swing or a day trader. And secondly, you have to be clear about the purpose and why you are using moving averages in the first place. Let’s go about this now:
#2 The self-fulfilling prophecy.
More than anything, moving averages “work” because they are a self-fulfilling prophecy, which means that price respects moving averages because so many traders use them in their own trading. This raises a very important point when trading with indicators:
#3 The best moving average periods for day-trading.
When you are a short-term day trader, you need a moving average that is fast and reacts to price changes immediately. That’s why it’s usually best for day-traders to stick with EMAs in the first place.
When it comes to the period and the length, there are usually 3 specific moving averages you should think about using:
9 or 10 period : Very popular and extremely fast moving. Often used as a directional filter (more later) 21 period : Medium-term and the most accurate moving average. Good when it comes to riding trends 50 period : Long-term moving average and best suited for identifying the longer term direction.
#4 The best periods for swing-trading.
Swing traders have a very different approach and they typically trade on the higher time frames (4H, Daily +) and also hold trades for longer periods of time. Thus, swing-traders should pick the SMA as their choice and also use longer period moving averages to avoid noise and premature signals. Here are 4 moving averages that are particularly important for swing traders:
20 / 21 period : The 21 moving average is my preferred choice when it comes to short-term swing trading. During trends, price respects it so well and it also signals trend shifts. This is my prefered choice in my trading. 50 period : The 50 moving average is the standard swing-trading moving average and very popular. Most traders use it to ride trends because it’s the ideal compromise between too short and too long term. 100 period : There is something about round numbers that attract traders and that definitely holds true when it comes to the 100 moving average. It works very well for support and resistance – especially on the daily and/or weekly time frame 200 / 250 period : The same holds true for the 200 moving average. The 250 period moving average is popular on the daily chart since it describes one year of price action (one year has roughly 250 trading days)
Step3: How to use moving averages – 3 usage examples.
Now that you know about the differences between the moving averages and how to choose the right period setting, we can take a look at the 3 ways moving averages can be used to help you find trades, ride trends and exit trades in a reliable way.
#1 Trend direction and filter.
Market Wizard Marty Schwartz was one of the most successful traders ever and he was a big advocate of moving averages to identify the direction of the trend. Here is what he said about them:
“The 10 day exponential moving average (EMA) is my favorite indicator to determine the major trend. I call this “red light, green light” because it is imperative in trading to remain on the correct side of a moving average to give yourself the best probability of success. When you are trading above the 10 day, you have the green light, the market is in positive mode and you should be thinking buy. Conversely, trading below the average is a red light. The market is in a negative mode and you should be thinking sell.” – Marty Schwartz.
Marty Schwartz uses a fast EMA to stay on the right side of the market and to filter out trades in the wrong direction. Just this one tip can already make a huge difference in your trading when you only start trading with the trend in the right direction.
The Golden Cross and the Death Cross.
But even as swing traders, you can use moving averages as directional filters. The Golden and Death Cross is a signal that happens when the 200 and 50 period moving average cross and they are mainly used on the daily charts.
In the chart below, I marked the Golden and Death cross entries. Basically, you would enter short when the 50 crosses below the 200 and enter long when the 50 crosses above the 200 period moving average. Although the screenshot only shows a limited amount of time, you can see that the moving average cross-overs can help your analysis and pick the right market direction.
#2 Support and resistance and stop placement.
The second thing moving averages can help you with is support and resistance trading and also stop placement. Because of the self-fulfilling prophecy we talked about earlier, you can often see that the popular moving averages work perfectly as support and resistance levels.
Word of caution: Trend vs ranges.
Moving averages don’t work during ranging markets. When price ranges back and forth between support and resistance, the moving average is usually somewhere in the middle of that range and price does not respect it that much.
The screenshot below shows a price chart with a 50 and 21 period moving average. You can see that during the range, moving averages completely lose their validity, bit as soon as price starts trending and swinging, they perfectly act as support and resistance again.
#3 Bollinger Bands and the end of a trend.
The Bollinger Bands are a technical indicator based on moving averages. In the middle of the Bollinger Bands, you find the 20 period moving average and the outer Bands measure price volatility.
During ranges , price fluctuates around the moving average, but the outer Bands are still very important. When price touches the outer Bands during a range, it can often foreshadow the reversal into the opposite direction. So, even though moving averages lose their validity during ranges, the Bollinger Bands are a great tool that still allow you to analyze price effectively.
During trends, Bollinger Bands can help you stay in trades. During a strong trend, price usually pulls away from its moving average, but it moves close to the outer Band. When price then breaks the moving average again, it signals a change in direction. Furthermore, whenever you see a violation of the outer Band during a trend, it often foreshadows a retracement – however, it does NOT mean a reversal until the moving average has been broken.
You can see that moving averages are a multi-faceted tool that can be used in a variety of different ways. Once a trader understands the implications of EMA vs SMA, the importance of the self-fulfilling prophecy and how to pick the right period setting, moving averages become an important tool in a trader’s toolbox.
In my own trading, I use moving averages for one of my setups as well and they help me find great trades week after week. If you want to learn how to trade like a professional, take a look at our premium trading courses.
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59 comments.
I remember reading an article in a trading magazine years ago that stated EMA(5) was the best. The chart period didn’t matter.
Go long when price crosses and closes above a rising ema(5).
Go short when price crosses and closes below a falling ema(5).
If you know me, you know I gave up “squiggly” line indicators years ago. But if I was forced to trade with a squiggly, it would be ema(5).
Excellent article and excellent web site – Thank you and I look forward to the next – Keep well – Doug.
Thanks Doug. Glad, you find our work helpful 🙂
Well written..ans easy to understand. Keep them coming. Perhaps, another topic on using multi time frames to trade. tks again.
thanks for the kind words.
not sure if you have seen it, but I talked about multi time frame analysis before here: tradeciety/how-to-perform-a-multiple-time-frame-analysis/
Have a good day.
Excellent thanks…its helpfull.
Very intelligible explanation about MAs.
Each article on your website has something like Zen style 🙂 I have good emotions about your articles everytime.
Thank you so much.
Thanks, Phil 🙂 That’s great to hear and I enjoy breaking the complex trading concepts down.
This article is really Nice and Helpful for not only for those who has already trading but also for those who starts to learn for trading like me. May I know that is there any explanation about using Stochastic? If not bother please help me.
Wish you having a great time.
glad to hear that you find it helpful. Yes, I wrote about the Stochastics before: tradeciety/how-to-use-the-stochastic-indicator/
Well said and it quiet easy to understand , and very helpful.
hello, how about a combination of 10ema,15sma and 30sma on a daily chat?
I stumbled across this site whilst googling “price action supporting indicators”
This is THE site every newbie trader has to bookmark for knowledge based trading. The explanations are simple, short and to the point.
Keep up the good work guys & thank you so much for all the hard work you put in so far.
Thanks Kenenth. Glad that you like our site and our work 🙂
We will keep spreading the word and hopefully help more traders in the future.
This article is really helpful. I’m a newbie and though I’m already using MA’s (works well with me), all of what this articles said gives me more confidence with my system. Thanks a lot.
I use EMA5, EMA13, EMA20, EMA50 & EMA200, with Bollinger Bands (20). “Ribbon” effect. 🙂
Is there an easy option to show the 1h 100MA and 1h 200MA as well as the 4h 100MA and 200MA on a daily chart?
most charting platforms have the option to show higher timeframe indicators as well. Maybe you have to look for a custom indicator.
I’m recently started to read your articles. They are very good and practical. I’ve been reading some books but they are too complicated. Thank you. I really appreciate your WORKS buddy!
That’s so cool to hear Jeyhun. Thanks for taking the time to leave a comment 🙂
This is perfect. It is going to help me as I am new in trading.
Why 21 EMA, instead of 20 EMA?
Are there any reason 21 is better than 20?
And why not just use 20 and 10, instead of 21 and 9?
you can do that too. There is no better or worse when it comes to MAs. Just pick some and then stick to it.
Is it possible or are there tools that can be used to determine the “start” of a range market?
you can use trendlines and support and resistance as well. Or, try the Donchian channel: tradeciety/donchian-channel-trading-indicator-tips/
Hi Tradeciety. Thanks for your effort. This is a great help to us who just new in forex trading. Ill test this and hopefully learn forex trading soon.. Please clarify.. your screenshot regarding golden cross indicate 200 Period MA indicated in the upper portion is 100 perid..
Thanks for this site.. This is a great help to us just starting to explore forex trading. May you clarify the golden cross because the upper indicate 100 MA and lower portion state 200 MA?
I prefer to use the 100 instead of the 200 period moving average.
Thanks again for a great article, this is awesome guys, the content in this site is more valuable than most Fx trading text books i have bought at ridiculous amounts.
Thank you a million times.
Thanks for the kind feedback.
Great to hear that you find our work helpful 🙂
Wish I had known you before and may i congratulate for your best educational site.
Thank you for the kind words. It’s great to hear that you like what we are doing.
It’s never too late 🙂 Glad you like our work.
Fantastic education materials, staright to the point & easy to understand. Surely it helps many people imcluding me who has been hunting around for something solid in trading.
Thanks, Raymon. I am glad to hear that you like our work 🙂
I just subscribe and have been reading all your posts for the past 3 hours and I can tell you am impressed and confident this will work. The area I have a little issue is I just read from another write-up about MA period 5,15 and 60 for swing trades though I don’t know if this soul work for day just like yours.
Thanks for your time.
Your articles really help me understand more about MA. I’m currently writing an EA based on various MA cross. When trending, MA works great but problems happened when the market start ranging. Could you please advise is there any method that I can use to detect a ranging market as soon as it happen, so I can get out immediately? Thanks.
once you see that price is hovering around the moving average, it usually signals a range. Of course, the period of the MA determines the sensitivity.
HI, what is a swing trader? thanks.
you can read about the differences between swing and daytrading here: tradeciety/find-the-best-trading-system/
So nice of you, it was very useful explanation of ma’s…for newbies like me…thank you very much for sharing your knowledge …Great …
Your articles makes my understanding of MA’s much more.
Do you use Traingular moving averages if so what periods would you recommend? thanks.
would you use sma above the candlesticks and one below. if so onw would be at 20 what would the other be?? thanks.
I don’t quite understand? Whether the moving average is above or below price depends on the chart and the price action. This always changes.
Also with the sma what time frame do you use? thanks.
I use it on the Daily, 4H and 1H.
take a look here for your trading course: pro. tradeciety.
Which indicator is giving most reliable accuracy in day trading. Please help me. thanks for your supports.
Depends on your trading style. I don’t know how you trade. I use the 20 SMA but not sure whether this will help you 😉
I love this. Noted many things. I believe success story will follow. Thanks.
I use SMA crosses like this: I look at the candlestick where the cross occured. This candlestick is my signalcandle. Depending on a buycross or sellcross, this candlestick will be tested. The low will be the future resistance when selling and the will be future support when buying= Entry. Check it yourself..
When the market is ranging I use the stochastics, But also in a different way.
I only use these 2 strategies for the past 2 years now and I can say that i’m a profitable trader. Keep it simple and keep it smooth!
Let me know what you think.
Hi, I want to thank you very much for your great article above on the 50 simple moving average in conjunction with other moving averages.
Please i would like to ask if i can use 50 sma and 21ema with 8ema on the four hour chart and then also use them on the daily for confirmation of trends to enable me trade effectively.
Thank you very much for the knowledge shared, blessings.
I personally only use the 20 SMA in my trading so cannot say too much about the 50, 21 and 8 combination.
Hi Rolf, keep Up The Good Work And remain Blessed Amen.
Thanks Raz. I appreciate it 🙂
How do we trade when moving averages do not work during ranges markets?
Then we don’t trade if you are a trend trader 😉 You need to learn when not to trade!
Thanks really helped, now my 3 Moving average auto trading robot is making more profits.
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